9月23日起，中国内地全面恢复办理赴澳门旅游签注，持有效出入境证件的旅客持7天内有效核酸检测阴性结果证明，并申领“粤康码”，凭“粤康码”绿码即可自由通关。这意味着澳门旅游全面恢复开放。系统启用以来，持健康码通关凭证通关人员累计超1700万人次。通关人员首次领码、转码到生成通关凭证，全过程平均时长约1分40秒，再次通关时获取通关凭证不超过3秒即可完成，实现“快速转码、亮码通关”。
From 23rd September onwards, Chinese mainland resumed issuing visas for visitors to Macao. Thanks to the mutual recognition system of Macao blockchain health code and Guangdong health code launched in May, mainland Chinese tourists can apply and use Guangdong health code to verify their health status when entering Macao. Up to date, more than 17 million people have cleared customs between Chinese mainland and Macao using the blockchain system. The average time of receiving, transforming, and generating the health code for the first time is only 100 seconds. And it will only take less than 3 seconds to complete the procedure when traveler clears customs again.
2020年5月，澳门卫生局及澳门科学技术发展基金发布了首个区块链健康码。在澳门地区现有手机网页版“个人健康声明”的基础上，双方共同研发了基于区块链的“澳门健康码”，作为用户在部分公共场所通行的电子凭证，以此完善澳门的防疫措施，并随后实现与内地“粤康码”的互认。因为新冠疫情，内地赴澳门自由行签注从1月份开始暂停发放。粤澳健康码跨境互认系统的推出，极大地提升了跨境信息验证的精准度和效率，保障中国内地与澳门间的跨境旅游重回常态。
In May, Serviços de Saúde de Macau (SSM) and Macao Science and Technology Development Fund (FDCT) became the first to establish a blockchain-based health code system to fight the epidemic – Macao blockchain health code. It serves as an electronic pass for residents to access public places. It is a coherent part of Macao’s epidemic prevention measures and is later extended to add the mutual recognition mechanism with the Chinese mainland’s Guangdong health code system. Due to the epidemic, Macao suspended tourist visa application in January 2020. The establishment of Macao blockchain health code and the mutual recognition mechanism with Guangdong health code greatly improves the efficiency and accuracy of information verification across borders. It proves to be an effective solution to bring travel between Chinese mainland and Macao back to normal.
“粤康码”与“澳门健康码”跨境互认的过程中，最大的难题是健康码生成、使用过程中的用户信息安全和隐私保护问题，其安全隐私标准应符合两地各自用户隐私保护的相关法规要求。由于两地居民的个人信息及核酸检测信息等只有本地权威机构有能力验证，所以澳门和内地相关机构需要在用户数据不直接传输和交换的前提下，搭建能够验证用户提交信息真实有效性的核验通道。
Macao blockchain health code is implemented based on China’s open-source blockchain platform FISCO BCOS and WeIdentity for reliable information verification across organizations. Mutual recognition of health codes across jurisdictions has a major challenge to overcome – the information security and privacy protection regulations in both Chinese mainland and Macao. Health authorities in Chinese mainland and Macao need to verify the health information submitted by users crossing the border and yet they are not supposed to exchange data directly with each other to stay in compliance with their corresponding regulations.
此次粤澳两地利用区块链的技术优势，解决了这个难题。此项目基于国产开源区块链底层框架FISCO BCOS研发，并采用开源的区块链实体身份标识及可信数据交换解决方案WeIdentity，将健康码相关信息转化为加密的可验证数字凭证，两地机构在后台不互联的情况下依然可以验证信息的真实有效性。当用户需要跨境验证健康码时，不需要在多个平台重复填写信息，系统在获得授权后将自动为用户转码。整个过程，“澳门健康码”与“粤康码”的后台不存在任何用户数据的直接传输，确保澳门健康码在生成、使用过程中的用户信息安全和隐私保护，完全符合两地法规的相关要求。
The way WeIdentity solution works – IDs and personal health data are encrypted to verifiable digital credentials signed by the issuing authorities and recorded on the consortium blockchain network serving the participating organizations. Users transmit data to the receivers directly via a secured communication channel. Receivers will be able to verify the integrity of the data received by comparing with the corresponding digital credentials as recorded on blockchain. Such a blockchain-based solution on one hand offers a robust data verification mechanisms among trusted parties, while at the same time ensures that the generation and the use of the Macao health code fully comply with the Personal Data Protection Act of Macao. In addition, the mutual recognition mechanism enables the seamless conversion of health codes for the users without the need to fill in personal information repeatedly on different platforms, offering great convenience and ease of use for cross-border travelers.
FISCO BCOS和WeIdentity配套方案，为全球卫生机构与边境管理机构解决跨地区信息安全和隐私保护问题提供了一种新型技术方案，为在新冠疫情期间恢复跨境旅行，提供了经验参考。
With FISCO BCOS and WeIdentity, a robust solution is created to overcome the challenge faced by health authorities and border controls around the world and apparently offers an answer on how to enable cross-border travel once again during the time of a pandemic.
